DISEASE
Message of common value
"ever vibrating eyes"
NYSTAGMUS : THE EYE MOVES BACK AND FORTH
WHAT?
Nystagmus is a constant involuntary movement of the eye. This phenomenon often occurs with another disease but can also be an isolated phenomenon. Here we distinguish two types:
a) pendelnystagmus: The eye makes movements, often horizontal, vertical or rotational movement but also uniformly in two directions.
b) ruknystamus: A more common form of nystagmus is where the eyes move rapidly in one direction than another.
CAUSE?
A nystagmus may be congenital or develop later. Usually, the disease is caused by disorders of the vestibular organ or brain disorders. Then it is usually in a ruknystagmus. The damage can be caused on hereditary basis (there are relatives who shows nystagmus) but also by damage (itself due to: a difficult child bearing / high blood pressure, stroke, multiple sclerosis, Meniere's disease, drug or alcohol poisoning or meningitis / inflammation of the vestibular or small brains. Because nystagmus to may have brain disorders, patients are subjected to a neurological examination. Only rarely has a nystagmus caused by a highly disturbed vision (eg congenital cataract or a genetic abnormality of the optic nerve (eg optic atrophy) or retina (eg albinism). Then it is always a congenital nystagmus - type pendelnystagmus.
Note
1. This can easily aggravated by stress, fatigue, direct light or if the eye is covered. Stress is therefore best avoided!
2. Special form: latent nystagmus: an eye is shaking as the other eye is covered. This poses no problem, unless one is lost (by a trauma or an eye disease). Then the reflected nystagmus, with all kinds of problems (cf. infra)
WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES?
- The practical implications of nystagmus are highly dependent on the eventually other conditions which the phenomenon occurs (eg damage to the dizzy vestibular) nystagmus itself, gives a less clear view because the eye can not fix. In children aged less visibility and hence you get 2 lazy eyes, about 5 / 10 see (depending on the severity of nystagmus). This allows the patient usually nevertheless increase of normal functioning.
- Because in some gaze directions the eyes look quieter, sometimes adopted a very different head posture (torticollis), for that different look right direction to give. Another way that the body uses to combat nystagmus is squint (strabismus):
- By some eye muscles to tighten their eyes locked and less shaking. As a side effect of this correction is an eye or easily deviate from the straight oogstand. We talk of strabismus, nystagmus due to blocking. Also opposing hoofdoscillaties (shaking head), the nystagmus is compensated, but this is not aesthetic!
THERAPY?
- Treatment of the underlying cause has an immediate beneficial effect on the nystagmus. If the other condition is under control, it is usually the case with the nystagmus.
- Trucks: TV sit closer is easier (to 1 meter!) / Good light for reading / you can tilt your head down if you see better (best if they take pictures of you!)
- In most cases the underlying cause untreated. We can do nothing unless the corrective mechanisms of the body (the oblique head position (torticollis) in strabismus too bad. We can according to a weakening of certain eye muscles (a squint operation under Kestenbaum ") to adjust the head tilt and strabismus. By the strabismus operation, the muscles to the extent that strengthens and weakens the muscle impulses that optimize the simulated nystagmus in primary position (this is the direction right eye) and thus should no longer aber rate head posture adopted. This is quite complicated and does not always give a perfect result!
DRIVERS CAPABILITY:
The visibility is more than 5 / 10 were binocular and at least 2 / 10 monocularly!
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